Biotope mapping
The district of Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen has the most moors and litter meadows in Bavaria.
The biotope mapping is an inventory and provides an overview of the location, distribution, frequency and condition of ecologically valuable habitats in Bavaria according to a uniform Bavarian standard. The mapping and evaluation of biotopes form an important basis for the implementation of the Nature Conservation Act and for contractual nature conservation.
It is neither the task of biotope mapping nor is it legally possible to place areas under protection or to prescribe certain management methods for landowners. It is an inventory and provides recommendations.
Legal restrictions for landowners result from the Federal Nature Conservation Act and the Bavarian Nature Conservation Act and protected area ordinances, irrespective of the biotope mapping.
The state-wide biotope mapping is coordinated by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment.
Half of the area of the district of Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen (111,181 ha)
was processed as part of the lowland mapping (57,873 ha),
the second part as part of the Alpine biotope mapping (53,308 ha).
In the first case, 14.8 % (8,542.4 ha) of the mapped area was recorded as ecologically valuable biotopes, in the second case 16.2 % (8,640.8 ha). The mapped area is made up of 1,096 biotopes (3,782 sub-areas) in the lowlands and 773 biotopes (2,013 sub-areas) in the Alps.
This puts the district well above the national average of 3.8%.
The mapping was carried out by a total of fifteen mappers, most of whom are qualified biologists or graduate engineers in landscape conservation.
Among the most valuable areas in the district of Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen are the numerous moors and litter meadows. The district has the largest populations of these habitat types in Bavaria. The Ellbach-Kirchseemoor complex and the Loisach-Kochelsee moors occupy a leading position among them.
Also noteworthy in the district are the near-natural forests in the area of the Kochel mountains, such as on the northern slope of the Benediktenwand and around the Herzogstand.
The Jachen Valley is one of the most beautiful Alpine valleys in Bavaria, with its diverse cultural landscape and juxtaposition of wet and dry areas such as moors and hummocky meadows. The Jachen itself has largely retained its original wild river character.
The best-known river in the district, the Isar, has the most pristine and best-preserved rearrangement section of an alpine wild river landscape in Bavaria, despite the river dynamics being restricted by weirs. The floodplain landscape is also home to particularly high-quality dry habitats, such as the extensive snow heath pine forests or calcareous grasslands of the Pupplinger and Ascholdinger Au.
The Karwendel massif in the south of the district forms an impressive contrast to the gentler hills of the Alpine foothills. Deep gorge systems such as Stuhlbach, Röthelklamm or Fischbach are characteristic. The high altitudes of Demmeljoch and Schafreuter are home to particularly valuable alpine habitat complexes of mountain pine scrub, rocky meadows and snow valley communities. A large number of alpine plant species are native here. Remarkable bird species such as the rock ptarmigan and golden eagle still find a habitat here as breeding birds.
The results of the biotope mapping are presented in the environmental atlas.